See chữ on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chữ"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese chữ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Vietnamese chữ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "noun",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "chữ",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chữ",
"name": "mtq-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Muong",
"lang_code": "mtq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Muong entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Muong terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"english": "to learn how to read/write",
"text": "học chữ",
"translation": "to learn how to read/write",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alphabet, writing system, script"
],
"id": "en-chữ-mtq-noun-kbmkyR0~",
"links": [
[
"alphabet",
"alphabet"
],
[
"writing system",
"writing system"
],
[
"script",
"script"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/cɨ⁴/"
}
],
"word": "chữ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chín chữ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chín chữ cù lao"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chơi chữ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ bát"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ cái"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ chi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ con"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ cù"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ cù lao"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ cứng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ đệm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ điền"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ đồng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ đơn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "Han Chinese script, i.e. Chinese",
"translation": "Han Chinese script, i.e. Chinese",
"word": "chữ Hán"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ hoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ in"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ kép"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ kí"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ mềm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ môn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ ngả"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ nghĩa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ ngũ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ nhật"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "Confucian script, i.e. Chinese",
"translation": "Confucian script, i.e. Chinese",
"word": "chữ Nho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "small letters, minuscule font",
"translation": "small letters, minuscule font",
"word": "chữ nhỏ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ nổi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "Nôm script",
"translation": "Nôm script",
"word": "chữ Nôm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ số"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ tắt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ thảo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "Chinese \"10\" or \"cross\" character",
"translation": "Chinese \"10\" or \"cross\" character",
"word": "chữ thập"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Chữ thập đỏ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ thập ngoặc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ thì"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ tòng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ triện"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ trung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ vạn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ viết"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chữ viết ghi ý"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "đánh chữ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "khăn chữ nhất"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "khóa chữ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "máy chữ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "máy đánh chữ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mặt chữ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mù chữ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sắp chữ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tên chữ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vẹn chữ tùng"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sedang",
"lang_code": "sed",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "a",
"3": "A"
},
"expansion": "A",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "n",
"3": "N"
},
"expansion": "N",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "字//",
"lit": "",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">tự</i>",
"t": "letter, character, word",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 字 (“letter, character, word”, SV: tự)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "字",
"2": "letter, character, word",
"3": "tự",
"hv": "n"
},
"expansion": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 字 (“letter, character, word”, SV: tự)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "chữ"
},
"expansion": "Muong chữ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 字 (“letter, character, word”, SV: tự). Cognate with Muong chữ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𡨸",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫿰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𡦂",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𡨹",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "字",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "宁",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "楮",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫳘",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "con",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𡨸, 𫿰, 𡦂, 𡨹, 字, 宁, 楮, 𫳘"
},
"expansion": "chữ • (𡨸, 𫿰, 𡦂, 𡨹, 字, 宁, 楮, 𫳘)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𡨸, 𫿰, 𡦂, 𡨹, 字, 宁, 楮, 𫳘",
"cls": "con"
},
"expansion": "chữ • (𡨸, 𫿰, 𡦂, 𡨹, 字, 宁, 楮, 𫳘) (classifier con)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the letter A",
"text": "chữ A",
"translation": "the letter A",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an uppercase/lowercase letter",
"text": "chữ hoa/thường",
"translation": "an uppercase/lowercase letter",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"english": "a cross shape",
"literal_meaning": "a shape that resembles the Han character 十 (shí, literally “ten”)",
"text": "hình chữ thập",
"translation": "a cross shape",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a rectangle",
"literal_meaning": "a shape that resembles the Han character 日 (literally “sun; day”)",
"text": "hình chữ nhật",
"translation": "a rectangle",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "beware of cunning beautiful women",
"literal_meaning": "there's a 刀 (dāo, literally “knife”) at the top of 色 (literally “womanly beauty”)",
"text": "trên đầu chữ sắc có con dao",
"translation": "beware of cunning beautiful women",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a letter or character"
],
"id": "en-chữ-vi-noun-MO-6xDo8",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter#English"
],
[
"character",
"character#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 51 31 2 2 6 2 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Writing",
"orig": "vi:Writing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "can write",
"text": "biết chữ",
"translation": "can write",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "Latin-based Vietnamese alphabet",
"text": "chữ Quốc ngữ",
"translation": "Latin-based Vietnamese alphabet",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "Han characters; Chinese characters",
"text": "chữ Hán",
"translation": "Han characters; Chinese characters",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a writing system; a script"
],
"id": "en-chữ-vi-noun-DKSWBl-l",
"links": [
[
"writing system",
"writing system#English"
],
[
"script",
"script#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) a writing system; a script"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "văn tự"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 70 30 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "alphabet",
"word": "chữ cái"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 70 30 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "alphabet",
"word": "mẫu tự"
}
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "very beautiful handwriting",
"text": "chữ viết rất đẹp",
"translation": "very beautiful handwriting",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "chicken scratch (illegible handwriting)",
"text": "chữ như gà bới",
"translation": "chicken scratch (illegible handwriting)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "a doctor's handwriting",
"text": "chữ bác sĩ",
"translation": "a doctor's handwriting",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"handwriting (characteristic writing of a particular person)"
],
"id": "en-chữ-vi-noun-50sy4gTK",
"links": [
[
"handwriting",
"handwriting"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 29 52 3 3 7 3 0 3",
"sense": "handwriting",
"word": "lối viết"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"english": "a seven-syllable line in a poem",
"text": "câu thơ bảy chữ",
"translation": "a seven-syllable line in a poem",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Write a 100-word essay.",
"text": "Viết một bài 100 chữ.",
"translation": "Write a 100-word essay.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
35,
38
],
[
76,
79
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
40,
44
],
[
76,
80
]
],
"english": "So if we just focus on the Vietnamese Đ word as compared with the English F word…",
"ref": "2015 June 28, Joe Ruelle, Những kẻ lắm lời [The Chatterboxes], episode 2:",
"text": "Vậy thì nếu mình chỉ tập trung vào chữ Đ bằng tiếng Việt mà so sánh với cái chữ F bằng tiếng Anh…",
"translation": "So if we just focus on the Vietnamese Đ word as compared with the English F word…",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"syllable; compare từ (lexical word)"
],
"id": "en-chữ-vi-noun-u8N66E9i",
"links": [
[
"syllable",
"syllable"
],
[
"từ",
"từ#Vietnamese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) syllable; compare từ (lexical word)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 13 3 68 3 6 5 0 2",
"sense": "syllable",
"word": "âm tiết"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"english": "to be fond of using Sino-Vietnamese terms or expressions",
"text": "sính dùng chữ",
"translation": "to be fond of using Sino-Vietnamese terms or expressions",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
27
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
43,
48
]
],
"english": "You're an idiot yet like to use big, fancy words.",
"text": "Cái đồ ngu mà thích nói chữ.",
"translation": "You're an idiot yet like to use big, fancy words.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a Sinoxenic vocabulary item"
],
"id": "en-chữ-vi-noun-lDkN7Urd",
"links": [
[
"Sinoxenic",
"Sinoxenic"
],
[
"vocabulary",
"vocabulary"
],
[
"item",
"item"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) a Sinoxenic vocabulary item"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 1 2 2 8 10 47 2 1 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 0 1 1 9 11 55 1 0 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 3 5 11 12 61 2 0 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 11 12 7 8 40 7 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by con",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"courtesy name"
],
"id": "en-chữ-vi-noun-ukVpxfUu",
"links": [
[
"courtesy name",
"courtesy name"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) courtesy name"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 2 3 92 0 0 1",
"sense": "courtesy name",
"word": "tên chữ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 2 3 92 0 0 1",
"sense": "courtesy name",
"word": "tên tự"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 2 3 92 0 0 1",
"sense": "courtesy name",
"word": "tự"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 2 3 92 0 0 1",
"sense": "courtesy name",
"word": "biệt hiệu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 2 3 92 0 0 1",
"sense": "courtesy name",
"word": "biểu tự"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Literature",
"orig": "vi:Literature",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"english": "the book says",
"text": "sách có chữ rằng",
"translation": "the book says",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"english": "knowledge ← word and its meaning (literal) → writing, script",
"text": "chữ nghĩa",
"translation": "knowledge ← word and its meaning (literal) → writing, script",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ancient words"
],
"id": "en-chữ-vi-noun-aO1o61Td",
"links": [
[
"literature",
"literature"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"words",
"words"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, literature) ancient words"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 32 15 0 53 0 0",
"sense": "word",
"word": "từ"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"literature",
"media",
"publishing"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "to have not even one piastre or one chữ; to be very poor",
"text": "Một đồng một chữ cũng không có.",
"translation": "to have not even one piastre or one chữ; to be very poor",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an old type of coin"
],
"id": "en-chữ-vi-noun-qiJ4vHbd",
"links": [
[
"coin",
"coin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) an old type of coin"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
52,
55
]
],
"english": "I always suffer being torn apart between filial piety and love.",
"ref": "2016, Trầm Hương, Trong cơn lốc xoáy, part I, NXB Phụ nữ, page 195:",
"text": "Em luôn sống trong nỗi đau khổ khi bị giằng xé giữa chữ hiếu và tình.",
"translation": "I always suffer being torn apart between filial piety and love.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"concept (as denoted by one Chinese character)"
],
"id": "en-chữ-vi-noun--wiYlScm",
"links": [
[
"concept",
"concept"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɨ˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[cɨ˨˩˦]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chữ.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%E1%BB%AF.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%E1%BB%AF.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%E1%BB%AF.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%E1%BB%AF.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Hanoi"
]
},
{
"homophone": "chử (Southern Vietnam)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"letter"
],
"word": "chữ cái"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"letter"
],
"word": "ký tự"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "chữ viết"
}
],
"word": "chữ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"vi:Writing"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chữ"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese chữ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Vietnamese chữ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "noun",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "chữ",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chữ",
"name": "mtq-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Muong",
"lang_code": "mtq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Muong entries with incorrect language header",
"Muong lemmas",
"Muong nouns",
"Muong terms with redundant script codes",
"Muong terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"english": "to learn how to read/write",
"text": "học chữ",
"translation": "to learn how to read/write",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alphabet, writing system, script"
],
"links": [
[
"alphabet",
"alphabet"
],
[
"writing system",
"writing system"
],
[
"script",
"script"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/cɨ⁴/"
}
],
"word": "chữ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by con",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with homophones",
"vi:Writing"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chín chữ"
},
{
"word": "chín chữ cù lao"
},
{
"word": "chơi chữ"
},
{
"word": "chữ bát"
},
{
"word": "chữ cái"
},
{
"word": "chữ chi"
},
{
"word": "chữ con"
},
{
"word": "chữ cù"
},
{
"word": "chữ cù lao"
},
{
"word": "chữ cứng"
},
{
"word": "chữ đệm"
},
{
"word": "chữ điền"
},
{
"word": "chữ đồng"
},
{
"word": "chữ đơn"
},
{
"english": "Han Chinese script, i.e. Chinese",
"translation": "Han Chinese script, i.e. Chinese",
"word": "chữ Hán"
},
{
"word": "chữ hoa"
},
{
"word": "chữ in"
},
{
"word": "chữ kép"
},
{
"word": "chữ kí"
},
{
"word": "chữ mềm"
},
{
"word": "chữ môn"
},
{
"word": "chữ ngả"
},
{
"word": "chữ nghĩa"
},
{
"word": "chữ ngũ"
},
{
"word": "chữ nhật"
},
{
"english": "Confucian script, i.e. Chinese",
"translation": "Confucian script, i.e. Chinese",
"word": "chữ Nho"
},
{
"english": "small letters, minuscule font",
"translation": "small letters, minuscule font",
"word": "chữ nhỏ"
},
{
"word": "chữ nổi"
},
{
"english": "Nôm script",
"translation": "Nôm script",
"word": "chữ Nôm"
},
{
"word": "chữ số"
},
{
"word": "chữ tắt"
},
{
"word": "chữ thảo"
},
{
"english": "Chinese \"10\" or \"cross\" character",
"translation": "Chinese \"10\" or \"cross\" character",
"word": "chữ thập"
},
{
"word": "Chữ thập đỏ"
},
{
"word": "chữ thập ngoặc"
},
{
"word": "chữ thì"
},
{
"word": "chữ tòng"
},
{
"word": "chữ triện"
},
{
"word": "chữ trung"
},
{
"word": "chữ vạn"
},
{
"word": "chữ viết"
},
{
"word": "chữ viết ghi ý"
},
{
"word": "đánh chữ"
},
{
"word": "khăn chữ nhất"
},
{
"word": "khóa chữ"
},
{
"word": "máy chữ"
},
{
"word": "máy đánh chữ"
},
{
"word": "mặt chữ"
},
{
"word": "mù chữ"
},
{
"word": "sắp chữ"
},
{
"word": "tên chữ"
},
{
"word": "vẹn chữ tùng"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sedang",
"lang_code": "sed",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "a",
"3": "A"
},
"expansion": "A",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "n",
"3": "N"
},
"expansion": "N",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "字//",
"lit": "",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">tự</i>",
"t": "letter, character, word",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 字 (“letter, character, word”, SV: tự)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "字",
"2": "letter, character, word",
"3": "tự",
"hv": "n"
},
"expansion": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 字 (“letter, character, word”, SV: tự)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "chữ"
},
"expansion": "Muong chữ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 字 (“letter, character, word”, SV: tự). Cognate with Muong chữ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𡨸",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫿰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𡦂",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𡨹",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "字",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "宁",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "楮",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫳘",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "con",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𡨸, 𫿰, 𡦂, 𡨹, 字, 宁, 楮, 𫳘"
},
"expansion": "chữ • (𡨸, 𫿰, 𡦂, 𡨹, 字, 宁, 楮, 𫳘)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𡨸, 𫿰, 𡦂, 𡨹, 字, 宁, 楮, 𫳘",
"cls": "con"
},
"expansion": "chữ • (𡨸, 𫿰, 𡦂, 𡨹, 字, 宁, 楮, 𫳘) (classifier con)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the letter A",
"text": "chữ A",
"translation": "the letter A",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an uppercase/lowercase letter",
"text": "chữ hoa/thường",
"translation": "an uppercase/lowercase letter",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"english": "a cross shape",
"literal_meaning": "a shape that resembles the Han character 十 (shí, literally “ten”)",
"text": "hình chữ thập",
"translation": "a cross shape",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a rectangle",
"literal_meaning": "a shape that resembles the Han character 日 (literally “sun; day”)",
"text": "hình chữ nhật",
"translation": "a rectangle",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "beware of cunning beautiful women",
"literal_meaning": "there's a 刀 (dāo, literally “knife”) at the top of 色 (literally “womanly beauty”)",
"text": "trên đầu chữ sắc có con dao",
"translation": "beware of cunning beautiful women",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a letter or character"
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter#English"
],
[
"character",
"character#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese collective nouns",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "can write",
"text": "biết chữ",
"translation": "can write",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "Latin-based Vietnamese alphabet",
"text": "chữ Quốc ngữ",
"translation": "Latin-based Vietnamese alphabet",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "Han characters; Chinese characters",
"text": "chữ Hán",
"translation": "Han characters; Chinese characters",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a writing system; a script"
],
"links": [
[
"writing system",
"writing system#English"
],
[
"script",
"script#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) a writing system; a script"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "văn tự"
}
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "very beautiful handwriting",
"text": "chữ viết rất đẹp",
"translation": "very beautiful handwriting",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "chicken scratch (illegible handwriting)",
"text": "chữ như gà bới",
"translation": "chicken scratch (illegible handwriting)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "a doctor's handwriting",
"text": "chữ bác sĩ",
"translation": "a doctor's handwriting",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"handwriting (characteristic writing of a particular person)"
],
"links": [
[
"handwriting",
"handwriting"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese informal terms",
"Vietnamese terms with quotations",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"english": "a seven-syllable line in a poem",
"text": "câu thơ bảy chữ",
"translation": "a seven-syllable line in a poem",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Write a 100-word essay.",
"text": "Viết một bài 100 chữ.",
"translation": "Write a 100-word essay.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
35,
38
],
[
76,
79
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
40,
44
],
[
76,
80
]
],
"english": "So if we just focus on the Vietnamese Đ word as compared with the English F word…",
"ref": "2015 June 28, Joe Ruelle, Những kẻ lắm lời [The Chatterboxes], episode 2:",
"text": "Vậy thì nếu mình chỉ tập trung vào chữ Đ bằng tiếng Việt mà so sánh với cái chữ F bằng tiếng Anh…",
"translation": "So if we just focus on the Vietnamese Đ word as compared with the English F word…",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"syllable; compare từ (lexical word)"
],
"links": [
[
"syllable",
"syllable"
],
[
"từ",
"từ#Vietnamese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) syllable; compare từ (lexical word)"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese informal terms",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"english": "to be fond of using Sino-Vietnamese terms or expressions",
"text": "sính dùng chữ",
"translation": "to be fond of using Sino-Vietnamese terms or expressions",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
27
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
43,
48
]
],
"english": "You're an idiot yet like to use big, fancy words.",
"text": "Cái đồ ngu mà thích nói chữ.",
"translation": "You're an idiot yet like to use big, fancy words.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a Sinoxenic vocabulary item"
],
"links": [
[
"Sinoxenic",
"Sinoxenic"
],
[
"vocabulary",
"vocabulary"
],
[
"item",
"item"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) a Sinoxenic vocabulary item"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"courtesy name"
],
"links": [
[
"courtesy name",
"courtesy name"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) courtesy name"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with obsolete senses",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples",
"vi:Literature"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"english": "the book says",
"text": "sách có chữ rằng",
"translation": "the book says",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"english": "knowledge ← word and its meaning (literal) → writing, script",
"text": "chữ nghĩa",
"translation": "knowledge ← word and its meaning (literal) → writing, script",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ancient words"
],
"links": [
[
"literature",
"literature"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"words",
"words"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, literature) ancient words"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"literature",
"media",
"publishing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with obsolete senses",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "to have not even one piastre or one chữ; to be very poor",
"text": "Một đồng một chữ cũng không có.",
"translation": "to have not even one piastre or one chữ; to be very poor",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an old type of coin"
],
"links": [
[
"coin",
"coin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) an old type of coin"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
52,
55
]
],
"english": "I always suffer being torn apart between filial piety and love.",
"ref": "2016, Trầm Hương, Trong cơn lốc xoáy, part I, NXB Phụ nữ, page 195:",
"text": "Em luôn sống trong nỗi đau khổ khi bị giằng xé giữa chữ hiếu và tình.",
"translation": "I always suffer being torn apart between filial piety and love.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"concept (as denoted by one Chinese character)"
],
"links": [
[
"concept",
"concept"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɨ˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[cɨ˨˩˦]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chữ.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%E1%BB%AF.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%E1%BB%AF.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%E1%BB%AF.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%E1%BB%AF.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Hanoi"
]
},
{
"homophone": "chử (Southern Vietnam)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "alphabet",
"word": "chữ cái"
},
{
"sense": "alphabet",
"word": "mẫu tự"
},
{
"tags": [
"letter"
],
"word": "chữ cái"
},
{
"tags": [
"letter"
],
"word": "ký tự"
},
{
"topics": [
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "chữ viết"
},
{
"sense": "handwriting",
"word": "lối viết"
},
{
"sense": "syllable",
"word": "âm tiết"
},
{
"sense": "word",
"word": "từ"
},
{
"sense": "courtesy name",
"word": "tên chữ"
},
{
"sense": "courtesy name",
"word": "tên tự"
},
{
"sense": "courtesy name",
"word": "tự"
},
{
"sense": "courtesy name",
"word": "biệt hiệu"
},
{
"sense": "courtesy name",
"word": "biểu tự"
}
],
"word": "chữ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chữ meaning in All languages combined (12.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.